
iiii i 



rv^ 









y^%'^'.'\^^^^% "'^S^^' j^\. ^-y^W<*^'^ 

^^ - * ''ok 
^y *^ * • • o A° < 






.4."^ *: 



o > 



<> *'7V. 



* I' 






:U" 



^ 










■1 o^ 






X .^ "^^^' 




t 



'n^' 






.^ ^1 



'I 






.4y <>» • 










^^^' 



OUK COUNT RYS SIN 



S £ K M N 



PREACHED TO THE MEMBERS AND FAMILIES 



OP 



THE NESTORIAN MISSION, 



AT 



OROOMIAH, PERSIA, 



JULY 8, 1868. 



BY 

REV. JUSTIN PERKINS, D. D., 

MISSIONARY OF THE A. B. C. P. M. 



NEW-YORK: 

H. 13. KNIGHT, 4 8 B E E K M A if STREET. 
1854. 



John A. Gray, Printer, 95 and 97 Cliff Street. 



OTJK COUNTRY'S SIN 



SERMON 



PREACHED TO THE MEMBERS AJSD FAMILIES 



OP 



THE NESTORIAN MISSION, 



okoo:miah, peesia, 



JULY 3, 1853. 



BY 

REV. JUSTIN PERKINS, D.D., 

illSSIOXAKT OP THE A. B. C. F. M. 



NEW-YORK: 

H. E. KXIGHT, 48 BEEKMAN STREET. 
18 5 4. 






TO THE 



KEY. LEONAKD BACON, D.D., 



A FEIKND OF THE MISSION AUT, AND A FKIEND OF THE SLAVE. 



THIS SERMON 



IS EESPECTFULLY INSCRIBED 



AUTHOR. 



IN aXCHANGB 



SERMON. 



JOHN T:48. 

HAVE ANY OP THE KULEKS OK OF TDK I'UARISEF.S BELIBTED ON HIM? 

The rulers and the Pharisees were the repositories of influence among 
the Jews, at the time of our Saviour's sojourn among men. The former 
had attained this eminence by means of the civil authority which, in the 
low state of the national morals, they wielded far more for purposes of 
oppression and personal aggrandizement than to protect injured justice 
and promote the public weal; while the influence of the latter had been 
secuied through their arrogated sanctity, more hypocritical than real, by 
working on the popular reverence, superstition, or fears, in connection 
with the corrupt priesthood, who were never- slow to cooperate with them 
in arts of imposition and religious despotism. 

Still theirs was a dominard infiuencc, however unworthily acquired 
and exerted ; and as is the case in better lands and better times, it ex- 
ercised a controlling and unquestioned sway, where it ought to have 
been rigidly canvassed, judged, and condemned. 

The interrogatory of our text was addressed by some of those con- 
ceited and self-constituted arbiters of opinion at that time, to the officers 
of the chief priests and Pharisees, who had been dispatched to appre- 
hend the Saviour. On hearing him speak "as never man spake," those 
officers were convinced of the truth in their own consciences, which were 
less seared, and in their understandings, which were less warped, than 
those of their employers ; and they had returned without the hunted 
victim. And the Pharisees said, " Why have ye not brought hi m V 
The oflicers answered, " Never man spake like this man." Then an- 
swered them t,he Pharisees, " Are ye also deceived ? Have any of the 
rulers or of the Pharisees believed on him ? But this people who knoweth 
not the law, are cursed." 

1. It is obvious to remark, from the case before us, that the sway of 
influence, exercised by those in power and rank, is mighty. With what 



OUR COUNTRY S SIN. 



complacent assurance is the interrogatory in our text propounded : 
" Have any of the rulers or of the Pharisees beheved on him V As if 
this were the end of all strife on the subject — paramount to argu- 
ment — ignoring fact — and even setting aside miracles. And we marvel 
at the noble independence of the high-minded Nicodemus, who rose so 
far above the servility of his age, and the tyranny of his sect, as to inter- 
pose for poor suffering common honesty and common sense, in this con- 
nection. " Nicodemus saith unto them, (he that came to Jesus by night, 
being one of them,) [that is, one of the Pharisees,] Doth our law judge 
any man before it hear him, and know what he doeth ? They answered 
and said unto him, Art thou also of Galilee ? Search and look ; for out 
of Galilee ariseth no prophet." 

Fortunately for the world, there have always been here and there in- 
dividuals, who have stood out as exceptions in the dominant ones of 
their sect and their time, rising above the power of human influence, 
and asserting the higher claims of truth and right, in spite of the frowns 
and rebukes of rank and station. Honored be the name of Nicodemus 
for daring thus to interpose, though the influence of his sect was so 
overpowering that he must needs go to Jesus by night, for fear of the 
Jews. 

2. It is obvious, to remark further, that the sway of influence may be 
as blind as it is powerful. In the instance we are contemplating, on 
what giound did the influence rest ? Simply on the ringing and reiter- 
ation of names and titles. " Have any of the rulers or of the Pharisees 
believed on him ?" In ftict, the power of its sway is often much in pro- 
portion to its blifidness. How long in that case, and, we may say, in 
most similar cases, would it have stood before the light of careful and 
candid examination ? Even the single pertinent inquiry of the inde- 
pendent Nicodemus, " Doth the law judge any man before it hear him ?" 
etc., seems to have impressed his gainsayers with such a consciousness of 
the weakness of their power, so fav as argument is concerned, that it soon 
silenced them ; for it is forthwith recorded of them, that " every man 
went unto his own house." 

3. It is further obvious to remark, in view of the case we are con- 
templating, that the sway of influence may be as tyrannical as it is 
blind and powerful. What could have been more overbearing, despotic, 
and vindictive, than the language of those haughty Pharisees, to the 
ofiScers who had honestly forborne to arrest the Saviour ! " Have any 
of the rulers or of the Pharisees, believed on him V Just as if thej/, 
and their sect, had the right to arrogate to themselves the province of 
thought and opinion, and deprive all others of that high prerogative, 
given by God to every human being ! And then, by a transition as na- 
tural as it is rapid, they pass from their lofty assumption to its not unsuita- 



MR. PEEKIN3 SERMON. 5 

ble concomitant — anathema — as its most appropriate suj)poi't. " This 
people, who knoweth not the law, is accursed." Was ever tyranny- 
more monstrously glai'ing than this tyranny of influence ? As matter 
of fact, how much better did those unread officers — and it mav be, the 
mass of the Jewish peasants of that period, appreciate the high chiinis 
of God's law, than their selfish, despotic, hypocritical rulers, sciibes and 
Pharisees I 

4. It is obvious, to remark further, in view of the case before iis, that 
the sway of human influence is very liable to be tvielded against truth 
and righteousness. In this instance, it was directed against the best of 
beings, and the holiest of causes. The blessed Saviour himself was the 
doomed victim it murderously pursued ; and his kingdom of hght, 
mercy, truth, and salvation, was the cause it would crush and smother 
at its dawn. And this kingdom, from that day to the present, has ever 
found its most deadly antagonists among the rulers and the Pharisees — 
who have not believed on him, or whose influence, if they have be- 
lieved, has been so leavened with the love of the world, that it Lad been 
far better for that cause to have simply leaned on Jesus' bosom, a perse- 
cuted outcast in the world, than to have been rocked and caressed by 
such doubtful friends, from the royal cradle of Constantine downward. 
Verily, the kingdom of Christ "is not of this world." 

If such may be the character of the sway of human influence, it is 
clear that the Christian has great reason to suspect it, and to beware how 
he implicitly follows it in principle and in practice. In view of its his- 
tory in past ages, whether under a Jewish or a Christian dispensation, 
he has much reason in any given case, to suspect it, d priori, as erring 
and evil. 

Shall then the believer repudiate the influence of his time, or the ex- 
ample of preceding ages, and set up for himself — adopting his own 
standards of principle and of morals — rendering himself singular — 
turning radical — in tbe common Qii\m.i\iio\\, ruyming mad — and con- 
tributing to turn the world upside down ? I reply, that he should not 
do this unnecessarily. There is no merit in courting singularity for its 
own sake. No good will result from a reckless disregard of the opinions 
and feelings of maiikind — certainly, so far as they are right, or barm- 
less. But the Christian has a more sure word of prophecy to adupt and 
to follow, than human influence, whereunto he doeth Avell to take heed. 
The woKD and the testimony are his only lawful oracle, on all subjects 
and at all times. From this oracle he can never swerve with a good 
conscience or with safety, whithersoever it may point him, though the 
rulers, and the Pharisees, and the chief priests, of the whole world 
frown upon him ; though he find himself, like Daniel, a solitary wor- 
shiper of the God of heaven ; and though his daring to be singular in 



6 OUK. COUNTRY S SIN. 

this, threaten to cast him into a den of lions, I repeat, the Christian 
has the revealed word of God as his unerring standard of principle, of 
duty, and of action ; and not man nor angel has the power to absolve 
him from a strict and habitual allegiance to that standard. The Christ- 
ian who adheres to that standard will be very likely often to part com- 
pany with the rulers and the Pharisees, as his divine Master did before 
him ; and he may always justly suspect that company, at least rigidly 
canvass it, whenever it is tendered for his acceptance. 

We would gladly feel compelled to look back to the corrupt Jews who 
lived eighteen centuries ago, or to distant ends of the earth, to the 
furthest possible remove from ourselves and our beloved native land, at 
this day, for practical illustration of the mighty, the blind, the 
tyrannical and the misdirected sway of human influence. But, alas, the 
middle of the nineteenth century is the period, and the dear land of our 
fathers is the theater, when and where this subject is exhibited in a 
manner as aft'ecting — nay, as appalling, as has perhaps bean the case, 
since Jesus was thus hunted by the rulers and Pharisees who believed 
not on him, and who wielded the power of their influence to prevent 
others from believing on him. And at this hallowed hour, on this 
sacred day preceding our nation's birth-day, when the din of its joyous 
celebration, not unmingled with the clank of the sable captive's chain, 
is ready to burst forth, hardly able to Avait the waning watches of holy 
time, proudly. to echo and reverberate from ocean to ocean, — I trust it 
will not be deemed inappropiiate that we, in our distant missionary exile, 
direct a thought to that land far away, and that we drop a tear over its 
guilt and its danger, and lift to heaven our feeble prayer for its salvation, 
as well as thank God for all that his distinguishing favor and blessing 
have made it and done for it. 

We need make few protestations of our Christian and filial patriotism. 
No Ameiican heart throbs more warmly and tenderly than the mis- 
sionary's, with the love of his native country. His honest language in 
regard to it habitually is, " If I forget thee, O Jerusalem, let my right 
hand forget her cunning. If I do not remember thee, let my tongue 
cleave to the roof of my mouth ; if I prefer not Jerusalem above nay 
chief j-y." The very ardor, sinceiity, and depth of our love of country, 
however, should, and they doubtless do, lead us as heartily to deplore its 
sins, as gratefully to glory in its superiority over all other lands. 

You have anticipated the brief reference I would make, in this con- 
nection, to our country's sin and our country's shame, American Slavery. 
On a subject so familiar to us all, I shall attempt to say nothing new ; 
but as the season suggests the theme, and none can doubt that it claims 
our deep concern, our fervent prayers, and it may be, our feeble eftbrts, 
I may be allowed to allude to a few points in regard to the subject, 



MR. PERKINS SERMON. / 

which may stir up our minds, by way of remembrance, though they 
be things already quite familiar to us. 

I hold, among others, the following theses, on the subject of American 
slavery, which if I do not now establish, it is not for the want of ample 
proofs at hand, but because their truth is too evident to the minds of 
those before me, to require argumentation. 

I. / hold that American slaver^/ is the crowning abomination of the 
present age. 

A "stupendous wrong" was the mildest term by which the "Albany 
Convention," one of the largest, most intelligent, and most estimable 
convocations of clergymen and Christian brethren ever assembled in 
America, could designate this evil, last fall ; and hardly less emphatic 
and condemnatory were the epithets applied to the system by the Gene- 
ral Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, convened in Charleston, South 
Carolina, nearly thirty years ago,* before the raising of cotton had be- 
come so lucrative, and the system so commercially and politically in- 
volved, and when its enormities were more courageously looked in the 
face, more frankly acknowledged and more faithfully reprobated, by that 
great, excellent, and influential church, than is done at this day. This 
is good testimony ; but the palpable facts, on this subject, must them- 
selves carry conviction to any unprejudiced mind that contemplates 
them for a moment. Think of the most enlightened, the most free, 
and the most favored nation under heaven, — and in some respects 
the most religious and the most benevolent people on the face of 
the earth, holding more than three millions of their fellow men in . 
iron bondage — a bondage that reduces man to a chattel — annuls the 
marriage relation, and brings in its train the innumerable miseries, suffer- 
ings, and sins which these two conditions of it (to mention no others) 
involve and must readily suggest to our minds; — and all this, in the 
face of the political axiom, blazing up at the threshold of our national 
Constitution, that " all men are created equal," to say nothing of the 
teachings of the Holy Scriptures, " love thy neighbor as thyself," which 
a Christian people is of course bound to follow, in its legislation and its 
practice. 

II. I hold that American slavery is the greatest human obstacle to 
the spread and triumph of Christianity that exists at the present period. 

This would naturally follow from the preceding position, the crowning 
abomination of the age being, almost as matter of course, the mightiest 
hindrance to the spread of the Gospel. But it will be more clearly 
apprehended as such, by a moment's reflection. The system itself begins 
by denying the Gospel to three millions of souls for whom Christ died. 

* Sec Appendix. 



OUR COUNTRY S SIN. 

1 am aware tliat it may be urged, that many of these souls receive the 
Gospel, and embrace it, in their bondage; and I gratefully admit the 
fact ; but we must have in mind, that this is not owing to the merits of 
that system, — but is in spite of it. The holy and heavenly influences 
of Christianity rally around many a poor African, and, like the good 
Samaritan, pour oil and wine into his bleeding wounds to some extent, 
even under the frowns, the maledictions, and often the flagellations of 
" men-stealers " who have stripped and wounded him. The Christian 
and self-sacrificing efforts of some pious masters, in circumstances so 
embajrrassing, are above all praise, but no justification of the system. 

But it is not three millions of slaves alone that are, as a mass, virtually 
deprived of the kindly influences of the Gospel, by American slavery. 
Think of the depressing, the paralyzing, and the petrifying effects of 
the system on the hearts of masters and overseers, and of the degrading 
inffuence of it on the entire Southern population ; nay, rather on the 
population of our whole country ; for it is obvious to observe, that an 
American, even a Northern abolitionist, has a modified abhorrence of 
slavery, compared with that of an Englishman, less familiar with the 
debasing relation in any form, and untrammeled on the subject by con- 
flict with his patriotism. And can this appalling national degradation, 
hampering the ministry and the religious press, and thus turning the 
edge of the sword of the Spirit, can it thus exist^ and not j^rove a mighty 
hindrance to the progress of the Gospel at home ? Is not our entire 
country — the whole American church, in a sickly, morbid moral state, 
certainly on that subject, and more or less so on others? Are not even 
the free portions of it in a condition analogous to that of the criminal 
Roman soldier, doomed to carry the corpse of his executed comrade 
bound upon his back, till he too was often overpowered, and fell under 
the rotting carcass ? 

Nowhere in the wide world, probably, has mammon, for instance, a 
stronger sway at this hour than in America. Nor is it strange, among 
men, or in proximity to them, who can in the light of the present period 
reckon human blood and sinews as chattels, and eagei'ly amass wealth 
by the sweat, the tears, and the groans of their fellow men in bondage. 
But Americans, no more than Jews and heathens, can worship God and 
mammon. 

But the influence of American slavery is not felt alone in our own 
country. It is a spectacle to the world, to angels, and to men — and 
a most mortifying spectacle. That land which, from its ennobling his. 
tory and exalted privileges, should be the glory of all lands, emphatically 
ImmauueVs land, a mountain of holiness and a habitation of righteous- 
■ness, whose light should blaze upward and onward unobstiucted — a 
moral sun — melting the chains of oppression and despotism, and dis- 



MR. PERKINS SERMON. 9 

persing- the darkness and death-shade of every false religions system the 
wide world around, really stands forth, presenting the puzzling — the 
appalling anomaly, of pure Protestant Ciiristianity, republican freedom, 
unexamjiled general |)rospei'ity and progress, and iron servitude, com- 
bined more monstrously than the discordant sections of Nebucha-luezzar's 
prophetic image, confoundiog and astounding the gazing nations, who 
would look to America for a hope of deliverance I Have we not reason 
to fear, that our country thus does as much to hinder, as to advance, the 
progress of the Gospel beyond its own borders ? 

Think too of the schisms and the alienations among Christians which 
American slavery creates, in our own country, and throughout Protestant 
Christendom. How much stronger is the bond of connection, which 
the supporters of that dark system find in it, with each other, both within 
and without the Church, than many professing Christians, in difl'erent 
sections of our country, and of different views on this subject, in the 
same section*;, tind practically in their relation to a common Saviour! 

And then, beyond the ocean, who of us can be ignorant of the fact, 
that both in England and in Germany, and other Protestant States of 
the Continent, the best Cliristians find it difficult to extend to the Ame- 
rican churches the right hand of fellowship, and to cooperate with them 
against a common enemy, feeling compelled, and not without some rea- 
son, to regard them as all involved, directly or indirectly, in the sin of 
slavery ? 

How lamentably are the forces of Protestantism thus weakened, and 
its glory obscured !. And how can the Church of Christ, thus divided 
thus warned, shine forth in her strength, clear as the sun, fair as the 
moon, and terrible as an army with banners ? 

I have sometimes said to the Nestorians, that Popery — Anti-christ — 
is the greatest obstacle now existing to the progress of the Gospel. But 
I apprehend that American slavery, in all its bearings^ may be even a 
greater obstacle. 

II r. I hold that Northern influence — and primarihj the influence of 
Northern Christians, is the strongest and the most responsible supiiort of 
Ameri'on slavery, at this time. 

This, I am aware, is a serious charge. But those familiar with the 
facts on the subject, can hardly doubt that it has foundation. The 
Church is set as the light of the world, and if its light be darkness, how 
great is that darl<ness ! Yet is it not the " New- York Observers," and 
the " solid men of Boston," who are the first and the most earnest to 
rally and apply a healing balm, whenever the monster slavery receives 
a wound from some heaven-directed arrow ? The general apathy of the 
mass of Northern Christians on the evils of slavery, and the lively sym- 
pathy of too many with that system, are the darkest aspect of the evil at 



10 OUR countky's sin. 

this lioiii- — the most lulling and soporific to the Southern conscience, 
and thus the most discouraging in regard to its future removal or miti- 
gation — the most dishonorable in the view of civilized nations — the 
most provoking in the sight of Heaven — and the most threatening to 
the prosperity, if not to the continuance, of our great American republic. 
How many infidels and skeptics are niade by these causes in our own 
country ; and how many scotters and tyrants are thus armed and pano- 
plied against freedom and Protestantism, throughout the woi-Jd ! 

Contemplate the pof-ition of such influential papers as the New- York 
Observer and the Journal of Commerce — the former ymW styled, "the 
leading religious journal of America," at least retrospectively, and both 
in the hands of sons of sainted New-England pastors ! Look also at a 
truly venerable divine, in New-York, a son of another sainted Puritan 
clergyman, putting forth such a sermon as the last in his series, entitled, 
^^ First Things^'' and really, what is there to hope on this subject, from 
the mass of Christians and patriots, in the Northern States ? 

And, to come still nearer home, (as most of us are from New-England,) 
look into a Sabbath Eulogy of the great Daniel Webster, from the pen 
of a very estimable clergyman of Boston, that Puritan city, (in general, 
a very interesting and excellent sermon,) and read the following period : 
" Let the land have a Sabbath, with regard to this subject, [slavery ;] 
and let that Sabbath be the long — long days of our mourning for this 
great patriot — our country's friend." 

A Sabbath — a long, lonij Sabbath, on the subject of American slave- 
ry ! We give the estimable author full credit for his. characteristic and 
amiable love of quiet. He is well known as eminently a peace-maker. 
But why not also proclaim such a Sabbath on every other crying sin 
that flagrantly provokes God and destroys by wholesale the souls of 
men ? And why shall not the silence be the more profound, and the 
longer, in proportion as the sin is the more glaring, the abomination the 
more appalling, if that sin involve great numbers and influence, that will 
not relinquish it short of a desperate struggle, and its removal be thus 
beset with great difficulties ? 

Why, if the Puritan city, which is the seat of our friend's pastorate, 
were in danger of becoming a second Sodom, by the gre«t multiplication 
of licensed or unlicensed brothels, would he proclaim a Sabbath — a 
long, lonff Sabbath, on the subject? Yet the fearful system of slavery? 
which annuls the marriage relation, causes, among its other enormities, 
the whole South to teem with virtual and actual brothels, among its 
myriads of negro cabins ! 

A Sabbath-silence, on the crowning abomination of the age ! How 
starthng-the idea 1 And yet, it is the favorite idea of the mass who are 
the repositories of the dominant influence in America. For many such 



MR. FEFwiCrNs' SEKMON. 11 

personally, I cherish a most heart-felt respect, though compelled to dis- 
sent from them on this momentous question. Indeed, knowinir not a 
few of them to be excellent Christians, among whom I number some 
very dear and estimable personal friends, I hardly need formally disclaim 
the least invidious reference, by any individual allusion I make here or 
elsewhere, in the discussion or illustration of a principle. 

In the face of such an array of influence — so strong numericnlly, 
and still stronger from the high respectability, and yet more, from the 
eminent religious worth it embraces, how diflBcult must it be to meet the 
odium cast upon the luckless head of the adventurous abolitionist, what- 
ever be his character or standing, who dares decidedly to raise his voice 
against the sin of slavery I Such reckless ones are, in common par- 
lance — yes, in Presidential Inaugurals, and in many a sermon of revered 
and eloquent divines, branded as fanatics, agitators, etc., and doubtless 
regarded by some as all but accursed. In these circumstances, we 
marvel not that some abolitionists have actually run mad, under the har- 
rowing provocations of the dead apathy, or the wholesale abuse, which 
they have had to encounter. But, alas, to how many a temporizer and 
compromiser might not a few of these stigmatized '• fanatics,'' with the 
dauntless Paul, justly appeal : " I am not mad, most noble Festus, but 
speak forth the words of truth and soberness." 

While slavery is thus ennroned for defense as by a wall of granite — 
by pul})it, press, and legislative halls, (with a few honorable exceptions,) 
from the " Christian Mirror'' of Maine to the •' Christian Observers" of 
Mason and Dixon's line, where rests the responsibihty of its continuance, 
and where is the hope of its removal ? 

^' Have any of the rulers or of the Pharisees believed on him .-"' 

Yes, under the wrath and the odium which slavery so arrogantly and 
successfully wields — under the blasts and the storms which the avowed 
friend of the poor African is doomed to encounter, in our Christian land, 
and in many of our Northern churches even, there yet stands forth here 
and there a champion — a man who dares assert the Chriatian axiotn of 
" a higher law"' than human statutes, so strangely scouted by our National 
Congress, and far more strangely still, by many of our religious periodi- 
cals, churches, and preachers of righteou-ness, whose cardinal canon pro- 
fessedly is, that the Bible — the word of God — is the Christian's ru'e 
of faith and practice. These champions are found at the South as well 
as at the North. And the former shine as much more biightly than ihe 
latter, in their honest condemnation of this "stupendous wrong," as their 
position is more embarrassing and their motives more disinterested. 
Listen to the language of an estimable associate of our own, born and 
reared in a slave State, whose wcrds, in his absence, I may be allowed to 
quote. In a letter to the sneaker, in which he refers to some of the 



12 OUR COC.N'TRt's SDf. 

Northern influences tliat sustain slavery, he says, " I would not impugn 
the motives of an editor any more than I would those of my private 
neighbor ; but from what I know of the South, and of the course hitherto 
pursued by the New- York Observer on the subject of slavery, if anti- 
slavery influences were only such as come from that paper, the slave will 
clank his chain until the millennium. I think a very solemn responsi- 
bility rests on the missionary, to make his influence felt, in aU wise and 
pruper ways, against oppression and wrong in all its forms, and in fovor 
of truth and righteousness."' And in another letter he says, " In glancing 
over ' FiTst Thivgs^ my attention was arrested by some remarks on the 
subject of slavery, in the sermon entitled, ' Fh-st rebellion in the Hebrew 
Commonwealth.' The author there takes the gi-ound, that the curse 
pronoimced against Canaan, from whom, I believe, he contends that the 
African race sprung, feU upon Ham and all his posterity, and will reach, 
in its blighting influence, even into the millennium. He regards the 
African race as doomed to perpetual servitude, and says that he woidd 
have no compunctions of conscience now to be such a slaveholder as 
Abraham or Job. As I read his remarks, so disparaging and so hope- 
less with reference to poor Africa, I -n-ished that old St. Augustin might 
have risen up from his ashes in Hippo, and confronted him face to foce. 
!Not a word throughout the whole discourse that would at all touch the 
conscience of a slaveholder, but the tendency of the whole to wrap him 
in a deeper slumber. He asks, triumphantly, ' Why do you not tell the 
slave-holder what to do V That question has been answered by some 
scores* who did not rest until they made their slaves freemen, though it 
was the result of a plan which required some years for its execution. 
They are none the poorer to-day, and their sleep is not less sweet. Just 
in that question hundreds have taken refuge, and not hearing a satisfac- 
tory answer, have supposed themselves blameless. 

While the South, in not a few of her noble sons, gives such testimony 
the North also, in many of hers, keeps not back. There, too, are found 
champions, who, above the influence of rulers and Pharisees, (I mean 
simply the repositories of the dominant sway, adopting the phraseology 
of our text, and with no invidious reference.) are not afraid nor ashamed 
to be known as the fi lends of the sufi'ering slave. Contemplate, for in- 
stance, the late amiable and profound Prof. B. B. Edwards, when a 
theological student, admitting a pious black man to be his room-mate, 
and studying with him at the same table, amid the jeers of some of his 
fellow-students ; and the no less sublime spectacle of the same modest 
Prof. Edwards firmly resisting the personal solicitation of the great, and 
we would trust, the good Daniel Webster, to indorse his slavery com- 

* The writer's father was one of them. 



ME. PEEKTCS' SEEMOX. 13 

promise, when, lite Samson bhom of bis locks, his strength had suddenly 
left him, by his mistaken espoosal for once of the evil cause, and he, a 
doomed giant, was eagerly casting about to find props to suf port him. 
Oh ! there was, (as another has said of the sainted Prof, Edwards.) th'^re 
was a martyr spirit under that mild visage — a spirit that feared r.ot the 
great nor the learned, where truth and right were involved. The firat 
and the only anti-slavery address to which I ever listened, it was mj 
privilege to hear from his eloquent lip-s, when he was my college tutot^ 
more than a quarter of a century ago ; and the first anti-slavery traci 
that I ever read, was from his fervid pen, about the same p>erio'l. I 
would ask no one to be a more hearty abolitionist than was this great 
and good man, in bis retiring, modest, vc-t decided way, for the last iBirty 
years ; and I would not dare to be a leas symjjathizing friend of the 
suffering African. The Lord increase the number of such martvr '■p rits 
in America, and especially at the North, where rests such fearful re- 
sponsibility, £ir more easily disdiarged than at the South, for the re- 
moval of slavery ! 

IV. I hold that our beloved native country is in moit imminent perU, 
from the fearful vjitera of American ilatery. of falUny into deep na- 
tional disgrace, of calling doven tipcn itself the ngnal judgments of 
heaven, and tfius of blighting, for a long period, the fairest and the 
highest loupes of a suffering world. 

If the positions which I have already asserted are tenable, of which 
I think there can be little reasonable doubt, this follows as matter of 
course. The majority of good people in America, even at the Xorth, 
are strangely apatheiic or strongly sympathetic on the subject of slavery, 
and, I fear, more and more so each successive year. And the power 
and tendency of the system, thus to blind and warp the judgment asd 
the ecaisdences of good men, more strikingly than any thing else, reved 
its intrinsic subtle wickedness and its wholesale desolating influence 
The wakeful, thoroughly determined opposers of the "stupendous 
wroE?." in our country, are comparatively but a handful. The system 
is confessedly an evil of enormous magnitude, and its removal a moet 
difficult problem, under any circumstances. Add then to the greatness 
of the evU, and the difficulty cf its removal, the general apathy on the 
subject, on the part of those who are the greatest sufferers from it, (except 
the poor slaves them&elves.) who are in most danger of being over- 
whelmed by it, and with whom, humanly speaking, rests the power of 
its abolition, and how fearfully imminent is this peril ! 

C : " ■ / rican people, amid their juir * • - - --e 
the :_ _ r gallant sL'p, coursing pro'- 
Itesly into the Niagara river, under pressed sail — 
friendlv hand or call from either i?Lore, enveloped ij _ - - .1 



14r 2I!H L - irLAI J i Xa S^'. 

- - - .:t 

^^_ __ 'T5 ifiie- nsdi^ss marmssi <sc "iie sen. ._ jk ani 

aoans ajbowe ifee-"'^ttfeeT <ii. tjaiaracs."' -sisfstwi KsniiiacsQinLi Otl cantssife- 
•yjiize :hi.'. ^ " — — . """«i- 

itro. — -ar.. - _ ._ , . . - , . ■ /.fat 

affl«r jaes. ^mms i g^EOg, T^vjnaiHnig -vmUL 3. /«». ?pi«i., jaatUi- 

ssi. — jod Ttin&sei^sinnjiatrtaiii'!^ ami ^3^=31- X', -"_r ,,-..,— ^.,.,.-5jj_ 

sranca ami -smi^itT- — dtsieaisir -leiirms: _ — -as 

— -"i 

, iwit^ angiei& — T«e^ ami a^ amfai^ <if ^riiiLanifipaiHSB in. 

~^ •i?r 'Wj -^aTurVf tmrgr TJnat: rfw?- arm- <if On^ - 

.--^ are a . ^ _ . . _ :^ Thtf LotcI wait 

act: jiasJiiir easa: itiesL 'j£. Sac his ^[oai vsuBii&aiierc cee liis fnigTHnt 

lie 

-:r-'— T!tn r'^iar--, ^ tt - -^^ f >iahTK f -.,, ,_ ..^j. aa. 4mi4 

T _- .-~ :_ "iioneJL 1 - a. csrmuL sw; ia its B^irt&aiica 



l-.r- :L-r J- - - ii lifi: pHSSss Gif lie 

~ " " -jjts^ pHiKioiLttL iiir rjiinszy. \i& 

_^ _=± _ _ aransEas — ami ';i.ir jar it.. ^ ^ — -a 

2ssL ^t^'Mt ]}iiaifmifi. 3ir Ae aanroifi: BeasHL tScst 
- - - 15 ail. 

r. nav laciraihr scb~. wiiac pracueal a-earfn^ ias niia 

ain;'- . „ .. Jicmtarans. wiiii is fbnsesi miBScaifflnies ? W* ail 
^ -.J .-•- i^rmmadca if aiaverv, iac ^aac •i2IL?bb ia jQ IiaffijaLitSrdowii- 
5^.- _ iCi;^^. "V- ir lift 



e- 3K-TMcrrn2- 



16 OUR COUNTKY's SIM. 

wrong," — or cease to pray and labor for their removal. We surely can 
not forg-et, in our missionary toils, our trials, our sufterings, our self- 
denials, and our prayers, in this benighted land, that this whole Xestorian 
people is more than thirty times outnumbered by the number of im- 
mortal souls, in the heart of our dear native country, groaning under the 
rigoi-s of an iron bondage, and many of them in a far worse condition 
than those for whose salvation we thus pray and labor. Our charity, 
our sympathy, and our prayers, may and should begin at home, though 
they stay not there, but go forth and embrace the world. 

" Have any of the rulers or of the Pharisees believed on him ? " 

No, blessed Jesus, with few exceptions of here and there a noble 
Nicodemus ! Thou art still despised and rejected of men. To the poor 
the Gospel is preached. " For ye see your calling, brethren, how that 
not many wise men after the flesh — not many mighty, not many noble, 
are called ; but God hath chosen the foolish things of the world to con- 
found the wise ; and God hath chosen the weak things of the world to 
conf jund the mighty ; and base things of the world and things that are 
despised hath God chosen, yea, and things which are not, to bring to 
naught things that are, that no flesh should glory in His presence." 

Here, poor, sufteriug, bleeding African, is thy charter and thy hop*! 

We do glory, but it is in Christ, and in this precious, provision of his 
Gospel. We would not look to the great, nor the privileged, as guides 
for our principles or our practice. We would go to the Bible and to 
Calvary. We hold that a prophet has come out of Galilee. We would 
make him our prophet, our priest, and our king. We would implicitly fol- 
low, trust, and obey him, and recommend him to others as the only Saviour 
of a lost world. And if the '' stupendoiis wrong," which we have now 
so hastily contemplated, be ever removed from our dear, dear native 
land, it will be by the power of the cross of Christ — by the energy of 
his word, taithfully proclaimed in the ears of men, and set home by 
his Spirit shed forth in their hearts, convincing them, that to hold their 
fellow immortals in bondage, or to sanction, or abet, or connive at that 
practice, is a heaven-provoking sin. Just this grand object would we, 
in our very humble measure, advance, for the well-being of our loved 
country, and the salvation of myriads of souls, as precious as our own. 

Let us to-day seek to approach that mighty, that compassionate, that 
suffering Saviour, in a becoming spirit — in love, in tenderness, in hu- 
mility, and in penitence. If the subject of our meditations is unusual 
here on the Sabbath, and especially at our communion seasons, I trust 
it will not be deemed misplaced — particularly, coming as it does, in 
proximity with an annivei-sary so deeply interesting to every American, 
and not the least so, certainly, to everv American missionary. With 
us the subject cea<es to be a political one, and assumes a strictly and 



MR. PEKKINS' SERMON. 17 

deeply religious cliaracter. We contemplate it iu the light of that " liigher 
law" to 'nhich we have referred. Not politics alone, nor mainly, will 
ever remove the overwhelming evil, while man is selfish, and slaveiy is a 
lucrative system. The light of Heaven must be poured througli^ that 
" higher law," as through a burning lens, on the darkened, warped hu- 
man conscience, and work its way outward, thus pervading, reforming, 
and regenerating the politics that legislate on the subject, and then the 
•work is done. The religinus press and the pulpit must thunder on this 
sin, as loudly and unremittingly as they have ever thundered on the 
subject of intemperance or of popeiy. A merely political subject ! Then 
whence the sermons, from venerable divines, in support of the system, 
like the one to which allusion has to-day been repeatedly made ? When- 
ever the pulpit dares to utter a note in condemnation of it, must the 
hue-and-cry be raised, that politics are desecrating God's house and God's 
day, while the welkin may be made to ring every Sabbath in support or 
palliation of slavery ? On this subject the ministers of the Lord Jesus 
have a solemn responsibility to discharge, with a fidelity that character- 
ized the preaching of the younger President Edwards, and the great 
Samuel Hopkins, and other kindred spirits of a by-gone and more vir- 
tuous generation. 

We have, this morning, turned our thoughts to millions of suffering 
men, women, and children, the purchase of Christ's death, and many of 
them washed in redeeming blood. We have glanced at a " stupendous 
wrong," inflicted on them by a Christian nation — a wrong which rears 
its front to Heaven and cries for vengeance — a crushing impediment to 
the progress of that kingdom for whose weal the Saviour agonized on 
Calvary — a wrong, in fact, to the Lord Jesus, wounded, bleeJinof, and 
crucified afresh in the house of his friends ; themes, not altogether un- 
suited, certainly, to melt our hearts iu tendeAess, and swell them with 
sympathy with the sufferings of our glorified Redeemer, in anticipation 
of approaching his table. Verily, sackcloth becomes us and our coun- 
trymen to-day, and on the morrow, and henceforth, in view of our na- 
tional guilt, as well as for our individual sins. 

May the Saviour meet us in the way of his appointment, and grant to 
us an antepast of the rest and the bliss of heaven — vouchsafing to us 
richer measures of his grace, and thus preparing us to meet and dis- 
charge, better than we have ever yet done, our high responsibilities as 
immortal men, as Christians, and as missionaries. — Amen. 



APPENDIX. 



NOTE TO PAGE 7. 



TiiE preacher here doubtless refers to the meeting of the General Assembly 
which took place ihirtij-five years ago. This body met then at Philadelphia, 
which had always been, and long continued to be, its only place of meeting. 
The meeting of the General Assembly (0. S.) in 1852, was held at Gharleston; 
and this was the last meeting of which the author, at the time the sermon was 
delivered, had seen any account. 

The following is a copy of the document referred to, takeu from the Assemr 
ih/s Digest, Ed. 1820, p. 341. 



A PULL EXPEESSION OP THE ASSEMBLY'S YIEWS OP 
SLAYERY IN 1818. 

" The committee to which was referred the resolution on the subject of sell- 
ing a slave, a member of the church, and which was directed to prepare a re- 
port 'to be adopted by the A^emljly, expressing their opinion in general on the 
subject of slavery, reported; and their report being read, was irnanimously 
adopted, and referred to the same committee for publication. It is as 
follows, namely : 

" The General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, having taken into con- 
sideration the subject of slavery, think proper to make known their sentiments 
upon it to the churches and people under their care. 

" We consider the voluntary enslaving of one part of the human race by 
another, as a gross violation of the most precious and sacred rights of human 
nature ; as utterly inconsistent with the law of God, which requires us to love 
onr neighboi ns ourselves ; and as totally irreconcilable with the spirit and 
principles of the Gospel of Christ, which enjoin that ' all things whatsoever ye 
would that men should do to you, do ye even so to them.' Slavery creates a 
paradox in the moral system ; it exhibits rational, accountable, and immortal 
beings, in such circumstances as scarcely to leave them the power of moral ac- 
tion. It exhi))its them as dependent on the will of others, whether they shall 
receive religious instruction ; whether they shall know and worship the true 



APPENDIX. 19 

God ; wholher thej- shall enjoy the ordinances of the Gospel ; whether tliey 
shall perform the duties and cherish the endearments of husbands and wives, 
parents and children, neighbors and friends ; whether they shall preserve their 
chastity and purity, or i-egard the dictates of justice and humauity. Such are 
some of the consequences of slavery — consequences not imaginary, but what 
. connect themselves with its very existence. The evils to which the slave is 
always exposed, often take place in fact, and in their very worst degree and 
form ; and where all of them do not take place, as we rejoice to say that in 
many instances, through the influence of the principles of humanity and religion 
on the minds of masters, they do not, still the slave is deprived of his natural 
right, degraded as a human being, and exposed to the danger of passing into 
the hands of a master who may inflict upon him all the hardships and injuries 
which inhumanity and avarice may suggest. 

" From this view of the consequences resulting from the practice into which 
Christian people have most inconsistently fallen, of enslaving a portion of their 
brethren of mankind — for ' God hath made of one blood all nations of men to 
dwell on the face of the earth' — it is manifestly the duty of all Christians who 
enjoy the light of the present day, when the inconsistency of slavery, both with 
the dictates of 'humanity and religion, has been demonstrated, and is generally 
seen and acknowledged, to use their honest, earnest, and unwearied endeavors, 
to correct the errors of former times, and as speedily as possible to efface this 
blot on our holy religion, and to obtain the complete abolition of slavery 
throughout Christendom, and if possible throughout the world. 

" We rejoice that the Church to which we belong commenced as early as 
any other in this country the good work of endeavoring to put an end to slavery, 
and that in the same work many of its members have ever since been, and now 
are, among the most active, vigorous, and eflicient laborers. AVe do indeed 
tenderly sympathize with those portions of our Church and our country, where 
the evil of slavery has been entailed upon them ; where a great and the ma^il 
virtuous part of the community abhor slavery, and wish its extermination as 
sincerely as any others ; but where the number of slaves, their ignorance, and 
their vicious habits generally, render an immediate and universal emancipation 
inconsistent alike with the safety and happiness of the master and the slave. 
With those who are thus circumstanced, v>-e repeat that we tenderly sympathize. 
At the same time we earnestly exhort them to continue, and, if possible, to in- 
crease then- exertions to effect a total aljolition of slavery. We exhort them 
to suffer no greater delay to take place in this most interesting concern, than a 
regard to the public welfare truly and imUspensally demands. 

"As our country has inflicted a most grievous injury on the unhappy Afri- 
cans, by bringing them into slavery, we can not, indeed, urge that we should 
add a second injury to the first, by emancipating them in such a manner as that 
they will be likely to destroy themselves or others.* But we do think, that our 
country ought to be governed, in this matter, by no other consideration than 
an honest and impartial regard to the happiness of the injured party ; unin- 
fluenced by the expense or inconvenience which such a regard may in^•olve. 

* In this false pnnciple of pcnnitling the continued existence of an acknowledged moral oril, wu 
Bee the cause of the downward coiiKe of the Presbyterian Church, on this subject. — \^EdUor o/t/ic 
Xeic-yor/c EdUiun.l 



■■&. 

20 APPENDIX. 

We therefore warn all who belong to our denomination of Christians, against 
unduly extending this plea of necessity ; against making it a cover for the love 
and practice of slavery, or a pretense for not using efforts that are lawful and 
practicable to extinguish the evil. 

"And u'e at Vie same time exIioH others to forbear harsh censures and un- 
charitable reflections on their brethren, who unhappily live among slaves whom 
they can not immediately set free ; but who, at the same time, are really using 
all their influence and all their endeavors to bring them into a state of free- 
dom, as soon as a door for it can be safely opened. 

" Having thus expressed our views of slavery, and of the duty indispensably 
incumbent on all Christians to labor for its complete extinction, we proceed to 
recommend — and we do it with all the earnestness and solemnity which this 
momentous subject demands — a particular attention to the following points. 

" We recommend to all our people to patronize and encourage the Society, 
lately formed, for colonizing in Africa, the land of their ancestors, the free people 
of color in our country. We hope that much good may result from the plans 
and efforts of this Society. And while we exceedingly rejoice to have witnessed 
its origin and organization among the holders of slaves, as giving an unequivocal 
pledge of their desire to deliver themselves and their country from the calamity 
of slavery ; we hope that those portions of the American Union, whose inhabi- 
tants are, by a gracious Providence, more favorably circumstanced, will cordi- 
ally, and liberally, and earnestly co6j)erate with their brethren in bringing 
about the great end contemplated.* 

" We recommend to all the members of our religious denomination, not only 
to permit, but to facilitate and encourage the instruction of their slaves, in the 
principles and duties of the Christian religion, by granting them liberty to attend 
on the preaching of the Gospel when they have the opportunity ; by favoring 
the instruction of them in Sabbath-schools, wherever those schools can be formed ; 
and by giving them all other proper advantages for acquiring the knowledge 
of their duty both to God and man. AVe are perfectly satisfied, that as it is 
incumbent on all Christians to communicate religious instruction to those who 
are under their authority, so the doing of this in the case before us, so far from 
operating, as some have apprehended that it might, as an excitement to insub- 
ordination and insurrection, would, on the contrary, operate as the most power- 
ful means for the prevention of those evils. 

"We enjoin it on all Church Sessions and Presbyteries, under the cai'e of 
this Assembly, to discountenance, and, as far as possible, to prevent, all cruelty 
of whatever kind in the treatment of slaves ; especially the cruelty of separating 
husband and wife, parents and children ; and that which consists in selling 
slaves to those who will either themselves deprive these unhappy people of the 
blessings of the Gospel, or who will transport them to places where the Gospel is 
not proclaimed, or.where it is forbidden to slaves to attend upon its institutions. 
The manifest violation or disregard of the injunction here given, in its true 
spirit and intention, ought to be considered as just ground for the discipline and 

* Tliis expression of the Assembly's views was made in 181S, before the characteristic aims of 
the Colonization Society were generally understood, and when it was believed, by most minister?, 
that its iulluence would be against slavery. Developments have since been made which show thai 
this was a great mistake, and that its tendencies are in support of slavery. — See -writings of Hon. 
"Wm. Jay. Also Stebbins on Colonization. — lEditor of ike KeiB-York, Edition.l 



APPENDIX. 21 

censures of the Church. And if it shall ever happen that a Christian professor 
in our communion shall sell a slave who is also in communion and good stand- 
ing with our Church, contrary to his or her will and inclination, it ought im- 
mediately to claim the particular attention of the proper church judicature ; 
and unless there be such peculiar circumstances attending the case, as can but 
seldom happen, it ought to be followed, without delay, by a suspension of the 
offender from all the privileges of the church, till he repent, and make all the 
reparation in his power to the injured party."* 

The following is the unanimous resolution of the Albany Congregational 
Convention : 

" Resolved, That m the opinion of this Convention, it is the tendency of the 
Gospel wherever it is preached in its purity, to correct all social evils, and to 
destroy sin in all its forms ; and that it is the duty of Missionary Societies to 
grant aid to churches in slave-holding States, in the support of such ministers 
only as shall so preach the Gospel, and inculcate the principles and application 
of Gospel discipline, that, with the blessing of God, it shall have its full effect 
in awakening and enlightening the moral sense in regard to slavery, and in 
bringing to pass the speedy abolition of that stupendous wrong ; and that 
wherever a minister is not permitted so to preach, he should, in accordance 
with the directions of Christ in such cases, ' depart out of that city.' " 

* So long as the Church permits the preat enielty nnd sin of Slnrehnlilhiff, it Avill he in \ain for 
Ikt to attempt, or to recommend acts of discipline for the incidental cruelties and scandals (inchidinjt 
the slave traflic) that grow out of it. The history of the Presbyterian Church proves this.— [/JV/eVy/- 
qfOte Jfew-Yori: JEdiiion.] 



L.ofC. 



SUPPLEMENT TO THE APPENDIX. 



BY THE EDITOR OF THE NKn'-YORK EDITION. 



The General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, iu 1794, occupied a 
higher ground than the preceding. In a note to the 142d (|uestion of the larger 
Catechism in the Confession of Faith, they said : 

" 1. Tim. 1:10. ' The law was made for men stealers.' This crime, among 
th(> Jews, exposed the perpetrators of it to capital punishment. Exodus 21 : 
IG, and the Apostle here classes them with sinners of the first rank. The word 
he uses, iu its original import, comprehends all who are concerned in bringing 
any of the human race into slavery, or retaining them in it. Stealers of men 
are those who bring oSf slaves or freemen, or keep, sell, oil but them. ' To 
steal a freeman,' says Grotius, ' is the highest kind of theft. In other instances, 
we only steal human property, but when we steal or retain men in slavery, we 
seize those who, in common with ourselves, are constituted by the origmal grant, 
lords of the earth.' Gen. 1 : 28." 

The same General Assembly of 1818, that adopted the " Full expression of 
views," which we have copied, directed the erasure of this Note o/1794. 

In 1838 the Assembly was divided into two bodies. After this, the " Old 
School" Assembly has taken no new action against slavery or its " abuses." 
In 1838, they declined discussing the subject. In 1843, they laid anti-slavery 
memorials on the table without reading. In 1845, they said they could no'.; 
treat slavery as necessarily a sin, " without charging the apostles of Christ with 
coimiving at such sin." " For the Assembly to make slav. holding a bar to com- 
munion would be to dissolve itself." In 1850, iu reply to a courteous communica- 
tion from the General Association of Connecticut expressing the conviction that 
the cause of religion required the removal of slavery, they declared that such 
action was '• offensive, and must lead to an interruption of the correspondence 
which subsists between the Association, and the General Assembly." 

The " New School" Assembly has twenty slaveholding Presbyteries, be- 
I v,'cen one and two hundred ministers, and from fifteen to twenty thousand 
aiembers, in the slave States, all walking iu religious fellowship with slave- 
holders. 

In 1850, at Detroit, the Assembly adopted the following Resolution : 

'• That the holding of our fellow-men in the condition of slavery, except in 
those cases Avhere it is unavoidal>le by the laws of the state, by the o))ligation3 



2i arpHLEaresT lo tbe awkxuo:. 

C-: sTisTiL-. " r daaasffife of taumMtr. is am ofeo^ 52. ite jr:">rr :zi~«:r; 

of 122JI Ta:-_ - ■ -^ •&? B(D«fe of DscipKiiie. Clap. 1, S€CS- 3, ani sii:::-i te 

Td& -wjs neaSrsH^ aS tte needng <€ lite AssesabJr at BalEiIo, asid "to 

eazseltss inrsnaiirjQ." Jfce. i*?-, liise Pre^'Tterfes ia Ste ^'TO states wae r^ 
q_-Q£s:cd tc- seM totistEest Asaaijkfcffl statefaeiitstondiiiglief:-:'"!::^ 

■ i.; Tte EQiEit!«3r ef ^TdKiSier? ia e:::3«ssit«i. 'wMi liie drardis hl ^ . " 
' " ' ' bv diem. 

1 bj am unaTtHdafaie neees^fy '^ im- 



i^ 



.- ^SHdi^llieiitKdof 6odieq[DireE,BenDeed 

Ij,^^ ; T saexedsesB of tiie eangi^al ami paiasial i^r 

i<iES. e iJns-T ^:- - =itaT^ : ■sdie:^!^ lii^it^!! fe dolT adminlBtaed to 

----- --^:-:,^-'-- . 'rsssiz OiEKtiirsitj" I TiiBedier ^TES 356 sdiBatted to 

-r? hi "she: CTh'^T^v-h Cemrfe ; and. in geiBaralj to isfet 
.-.: i HT- proTfiaiaii fe jBiade ijr &e lel^ioas wdl-bdng ra 

-«l eicElBd dfeeiHE'C'Q, leae aAi^ifed by a Tofe <rf' M to 39. 

: - -: - aa^raryaai Jjati-SlaTmr.'' f^ 107-S— 151-161. As. 

Bcip- ^B-.^ acii I-jc. A--5, Soe. pjL 6^-iSt. — MiEnai^ of GesBEial JLsaaWj. 



aEid F'is^m Affii-iaT^nr Sw^ay, 4S Ber&Esan sarees. — ^Price 6 casts. $3.00 

Hk duastb £6 1. - - ^ ■ ^"^ 

CeasEtfeee offer Az_-.;- - -^ ~ —■- 

ats a wgaiiiua fiir '^i£ tes" ' -'Sr scsgec-': - 

rfaesHBrntteaef-^:'" Jay wes c— ■ ^^-..- -_- _ 

to tibe vritEF of fe -^ 



Ajt EsiK3!XA2iffls- c? -JES T t^-; .j? McsAic SBETiirDE. — By Hoo. Wm. Jat. 
lis &b-L= w.urk, grsi: pei>IM»i is iae X-Mitmal Era, and wWdi has receiirei 
saO. fcw^ e-'nzi£QiiiC-eAJv fe ebcw to be IsA in panflikt fesm wi& cover, at the 
DeiKjaScey of tit Aisers-^SQ sdq F.j»regii Amti-Slairerf Sock*y, 43 Beekraaa 
arest. Xer-Toti, Pme 15 esnite sai^ cepeSr §12. 50 pa InmdEed. 



54 > 






% 




.%'■ 
















'-^Sr * 



4 O 


















.«' 






'. , e " » ^ 




*^ 



."^" 






C. ♦-i^ 



